x
J L E S

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AS MODERATORS OF ATTITUDE TOWARDS COPING AMONG CANCER AND CARDIAC PATIENTS

By: Mohd. Ashik Shahrier, Md. Enamul Haque, Md. Azibar Rahman

Key Words: Coping, type of individuals, socio economic status, gender, cancer, cardiac.

JLES-Vol-7-No-P-51-60, December 2012

Abstract

The study was designed to explore the attitude towards coping of cancer and cardiac patients as related to certain socio-demographic factors like gender and SES. Purposively selected 360 respondents constituted the sample of the present study. Attitude towards Coping Scale (Rahman, 2010) was used for the collection of data. The sample was equally divided into three categories (cancer. cardiac, normal) on the basis of type of individuals (N=120 for each category).Again they were equally subdivided into male and female on the basis of gender (N=60 for each group).Each category was again equally subdivided into lower middle and upper middle on the basis of SES (N=30 for each group). Results analyzed through ANOVA revealed that the main effects for type of individuals, gender and SES were statistically significant. That is, both cancer and cardiac patients expressed lower coping attitudes as compared to normal individuals, females expressed lower coping attitudes as compared to males and lower middle SES individuals expressed lower coping attitudes as compared to upper middle SES. Again the two way interactions between type of individuals and gender, and type of individual and SES were statistically significant.

Aldwin CM, Sutton KJ, Chiara G & Spiro A. 1996. Age differences in stress, coping, and appraisal: Findings from the normative aging study. J Gerontol.Psychol Sci.51B:179-188.

Bandura A. 1993. Self-efficacy mechanism in psychobiologic functioning.

Washington,DC,USA. Hemisphere Publishing Corp, 410.

Barnoy S Bar-Tal Y and Zisser B. 2005. Correspondence in informational coping styles: How important is it for cancer patients and their spouses? Nursing Department, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel.

Carver CS, Pozo C & Harris SD. 1993. How coping mediates the effect of optimism on distress: A study of women with early stage breast cancer. J Pers Soc Psychol. 65: 375-390.

Carver CS, Scheier MF, & Weintraub J. 1981. Assessing coping strategies: A theoretically based approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 56: 267-283.

Cooper CL & Payne R. 1978. Causes, Coping and Consequences of Stress at Work, John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp: 234-240.

Endler NS, Kocovski NL and Macrodimitris SD. 1999. Coping, efficacy, and perceived control in acute vs chronic illnesses, Journal of Chronic Diseases, Volume 52(2).

Esterling BA, Kiecolt-Glaser JK & Glaser R. 1996. Psychosocial modulation of cytokine-induced natural killer call activity in older adults. Psychosom Med. 58: 264-272.

Everson SA, Kaplan GA, Salonen R & Salonen JT. 1998. Does Low Socioeconomic Status Potentiate the Effects of Heightened Cardiovascular Responses to Stress on the Progression of Carotid Atherosclerosis? American Journal of Public Health. 88: 389-394.

French DP, Senior V & Weinman J. 2001. Causal attributions for heart disease: a systematic review. Psychol Health. 16:77–98.

Friedman M, Thorensen CE & Gill JJ. 1984. Alteration of type A behaviour and reduction in cardiac recurrences in post myocardial infraction patients. American Heart Journal: 108: 237-248.

Gardner FV & Worwood EV. 2004. Psychological effects of cardiac surgery: a review of the literature. The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, 117(4): 245-249.

Gleser GC, & Ihilevich D. 1969. An objective instrument for measuring defense mechanisms. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychiatry. 33: 51-60.

Goldzweig G, Hubert A, Walach N, Brenner B, Perry S, Andritsch E and Baider L. 2009. Gender and psychological distress among middle- and older-aged colorectal cancer patients and their spouses: An unexpected outcome. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, 70(1): 71-82.

Harburg E, Erfurt JC, Hauensteiri LS, Chape C, Schull WJ & Schork MA. 1973. Socio-ecological stress, suppressed hostility, skin color, and black-white male blood pressure: Detroit. Psychosom Med. 35: 276-296.

Holland J: 1977. Psychological aspects of oncology. Med Clin N Amer. 64: 737-747.

Jacob RG, Shapiro AP & Reeves RA. 1977. Relaxation therapy for hypertension: Comparison of effect with concomitant placebo, diuretic and B-blocker. Archives of Internal Medicine. 146: 2335-2340.

James SA & Kleinbaum DG. 1976. Socioecologic stress and hypertension related mortality rates in North Carolina. Am. J. Public Health. 66: 354-358.

Kaur G and Murthy VN. 1986. Organizational role Stress, Coping Strategies and Locus of Control in a Major Public Sector Industrial Organization. (Unpublished Paper), Bangalore University, Bangalore.

Kobasa SC. 1989. Stressful life events, personality and health: An inquiry into hardiness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 37: 1-11.

Lazarus RS & Folkman S. 1984. Coping and adaptation. In W. D. Gentry (Ed.), Handbook of behavioral medicine (pp. 282-325). New York: Guildford Press.

Levin JS & Schiller H. 1987. Is a Religious Attendance Really Conducive to Better Health? Toward an Epidemiology of Religion. Social Science and Medicine. 24: 589-600.

Livneh H, & Antonak RF. 1997. Psychosocial adaptation to chronic illness and disability. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen.

Mahler HI & Kulik JA. 1998. Effects of preparatory videotapes on self-efficacy beliefs and recovery from coronary bypass surgery. Ann Behav Med. 20: 39–46.

Monat A, & Lazarous RS. 1977. Introduction: Stress and coping – some current issues and controversies. In A. Monat & R. S. Lazarus (Eds.), Stress and coping: An anthology (3rd ed., pp. 1- 15). New York: Columbia University Press.

Neipp C, Lopez-Roig S, Terol C and Pastor A. 2009. Changes in control beliefs, emotional status and psychosocial adaptation among women with breast cancer. Anales de Psycologia. 25(1): 36-43.

Parkes CM, Benjamin B & Fitzerald RG. 1969. Broken Heart: A statistical study of increased mortality among widowers. Brit. Med. J. 1: 740-743.

Rahman A. 2010. Stress and Coping Attitudes of Cancer and Cardiac Patients as a function of Personality and Socio-demographic factors in Bangladesh, an unpublished Ph. D. Dissertation. Department of Psychology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

Richardson MA, Post-White J, Grimm EA, Moye LA, Singletary SE and Justice B. 1997. Coping, Life Attitudes, and Immune Responses to Imagery and Group Support after Breast Cancer Treatment, Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine 3(5): 62-70.

Sarason IG, Levine HM, Bashan RB & Sarason BR. 1994. Assessing Social Support: The Social Support Questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 44: 127-139.

Scheier MF, Magovem GJ, Abbott RA, Matthews KA, Owens JF, Lefebvre RC, & Carver CS. 1989. Dispositional optimism and recovery from coronary artery bypass surgery: The beneficial effects on physical and psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 57: 1024-1040.

Smith RE, Ptacek JT & Smoll FL. 1992. Sensation Seeking, Stress and Adolescent Injuries: A Test of Stress-Buffering, Risk- Taking and Coping Skills Hypotheses. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 62: 1016-1024.

Spiegel D. 1997. Psychosocial Aspects of Breast Cancer Treatment, Seminars in Oncology. 24: 36-47.

Srivastava S and Broota KD. 1987. Stress and Cancer; Journal of Personality and Clinical Studies. 3(2): 89-94.

Stone RA & De Leo L. 1994. Psychotherapeutic control of hypertension. N. Engl. J. Med. 294: 80-84.

Taylor SE, Lichtman RR & Wood JV. 1984. Attributions, beliefs about control and adjustment to breast cancer, Journal of Perspectives on Sociology and Psychology. 46: 489.

Thompson PD, Buchner D & Pina IL. 1993. Exercise and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a statement from the Council on Clinical Cardiology (Subcommittee on Exercise, Rehabilitation, and Prevention) and the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism (Subcommittee on Physical Activity). Circulation. 107: 3109–3116.

Williams G & Berry JH. 1991. Chemical carcinogenesis. In: Amdur MO, Doull J, Klaassen CD, eds. Casarett and Doull’s toxicology. 4th ed. New York: Pergamon Press, 127–200.

Wong WM, Cheng C, Lai KC, Wong BCY, Hu, WHC, Hui WM & Lam SK. 2003. Psychosocial factors in patients with non cardiac chest pain. Psychosom Med. 65:443-449.

Manuscript received on 28 August 2012 and revised on 15 December 2012

Mohd. Ashik Shahrier, Md. Enamul Haque, Md. Azibar Rahman

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AS MODERATORS OF ATTITUDE TOWARDS COPING AMONG CANCER AND CARDIAC PATIENTS

JLES-Vol-7-No-P-51-60, December 2012

https://jlescience.com/les-publish/socio-demographic-factors-as-moderators-of-attitude-towards-coping-among-cancer-and-cardiac-patients/

Copyright © 2022
By Authors and Journal of Life and Earth Science (JLES)
https://jlescience.com