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SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF VARIOUS SHRIMP FARMING PRACTICES IN SOUTH WEST REGION OF BANGLADESH

By: Aksya Kumar Sarkar,M. Nazrul Islam

Key Words: Socio- economic, Environmental Impact, Organic, Traditional, Control /Extensive Shrimp Farming.

JLES-Vol-14-No-P-17-26, December 2019.

Abstract

Aquaculture has become one of the fastest-growing economic subsectors of the Bangladesh economy, providing protein-rich food, source of employment and foreign currency earnings. Presently, the sector provides income and livelihood for more than 11 percent people of the country’s 160 million people. Total farmed shrimp production in Bangladesh increased from 14773 tonnes in 1986 to 132730 tonnes in 2016, an almost 9.0-fold increase over the last 30 years. The land area under shrimp farming has increased from 70331 ha in 1986 to 275509 ha by 2016. The contribution of the farmed shrimp to total shrimp production and export has been increasing over the last 15 years at a rate of about 20 percent per year. The country earned foreign currency equating to USD 450 million in 2015–16, through the export of 40726 tonnes of frozen shrimp. In parallel with the significant contribution of the shrimp sector to the local and national economy, it has caused some negative impacts on local ecosystems. Ecological impacts include some deterioration of soil and water quality, depletion of mangrove forest, decrease in population of native fish and shellfish species, intrusion of saline water, water pollution and changes to local hydrology. There have also been some socio-economic consequences, most acutely on the livelihood patterns of people living in coastal areas and on rural to urban migration, particularly among the poor and unskilled. Other impacts include deterioration of drinking water quality, loss of land for grazing of livestock and changes in agricultural cropping patterns, which has particularly affected the landless agricultural laborers. Social and environmental sustainability may have been overlooked during the expansion of shrimp farming. Losses due to disease, which are still a periodic problem for the sector, are a major indicator of the current unsustainable system of shrimp farming. In Bangladesh farmers mainly follow the privative shrimp culture practices. In this research to justify the social, economic and environment impact, organic, traditional and control/extensive shrimp farming practices farmer has been considered. To assess the socio economic and environmental impact of organic, traditional and control/extensive shrimp farming practices information collected through key informer, case study and focus group discussion

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Aksya Kumar Sarkar,M. Nazrul Islam

SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF VARIOUS SHRIMP FARMING PRACTICES IN SOUTH WEST REGION OF BANGLADESH

JLES-Vol-14-No-P-17-26, December 2019.

https://jlescience.com/les-publish/socio-economic-and-environmental-impact-of-various-shrimp-farming-practices-in-south-west-region-of-bangladesh/

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