x
J
L
E
S
WETLANDS OF DHAKA CITY: ITS PAST AND PRESENT SCENARIO
By: Md. Shahidul Islam, A. K. M Shahabuddin, M. Mostafa Kamal, Raquib Ahmed
Key Words: Wetland, wetland change, waterlogging, Dhaka city, GIS
JLES-Vol-7-No-P-83-90, December 2012
AbstractLandscape of Dhaka city, one of the fastest growing mega cities in the world, is undergoing continuous changes and modifications due to unplanned hasty urbanization process. As the growth of urbanization taking place at an exceptionally rapid rate the city is unable to cope with changing situation due to internal resource constraints and management limitations. Dhaka city endowed with a large number of water-bodies both big and small, which includes river, khals, lakes, flood plain low-lying areas etc. However, pre and post-urban changes of water-bodies in the city were studied using topographic map of 1960 and a satellite image of 2008 (ALOS VNIR 2008) through GIS and remote sensing technique. It is found that in 1960 total areas of water-bodies and lowland were 2952.02 and 13527.58 hectares. But in 2008 total areas of water- bodies and lowland found 1990.71 and 6414.57 hectares. Categories (water-bodies and lowlands) of wetland areas were decreased harshly. Study shows that water-bodies and lowland areas were decreased 32.57% and 52.58% that means more than 49% of the wetland areas decreased over the period 1960 to 2008. The changes of low-lying areas in the south-western corner extending towards Mirpur, Muhammadpur and Pallabi- Cantonment areas and filled for the urban development. The part of Gulshan and Dhanmondi lakes has also been reduced; and some of the channels of Motijheel areas are not identifiable at present. The growth of urban infrastructures have been taking place in unplanned way; as a result it destroyed natural drainage systems, fill-up the water-bodies, causing water-loggings during rainy season in various part of the city. This study revealed that immediate necessary steps should take by concern authority to prevent from various disasters that might be occurred due to unwise and unplanned wetland changes.
Ahmed KM and Burgess WG. 2003. “Surface water and groundwater interaction in Bangladesh hydrogeology,” In Groundwater resources and development in Bangladesh – background to the arsenic crisis, agricultural potential and the environment, AA Rahman P Ravenscroft et al., Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies, University Press Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Alam MK, Hasan MS, Khan MR and Whitney JW. 1990. “Geological map of Bangladesh,” Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Alam M and Rabbani MG. 2007. “Vulnerabilities and responses to climate change for Dhaka,” Environment and Urbanization. 19: 81-97.
BBS 2004. Statistical Yearbook of Bangladesh, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), Ministry of Planning, Government of People’s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka.
Chowdhury JU, Rahman R, Bala SK and Islam MS. 1998. “Impact of 1998 flood on Dhaka city and performance of flood control works,” Integrated Water Flow Model (IWFM), Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET), Dhaka.
Chowdhury JU, Kamal MM, Khan NI and Salam MA. 2001. “Impact of land use change upon storm water drainage and wetlands in the eastern part of Dhaka city,” Integrated Water Flow Model (IWFM), Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Dani AH. 1962. Dacca: A Record of Its Changing Fortunes. Ahmed Hasan Dani, Dhaka.
Dewan AM and Nishigaki KTM. 2006. “Flood hazard delineation in greater Dhaka, Bangladesh using an Integrated GIS and remote sensing approach,” Geo-carto International. 21: 33-38.
Dugan PJ et al. 1990. “Wetland conservation: a review of current issues and required action,” International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Gland (IUCN), Switzerland.
Hoque MA, Hoque MM and Ahmed KM. 2007. “Declining groundwater level and aquifer dewatering in Dhaka metropolitan area, Bangladesh: causes and quantification,” Hydrogeology Journal. 15: 1523-1534.
Islam N. 1996. “Dhaka: from city to mega city,” The University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Islam N. 2005. Dhaka Now Contemporary Urban Development.
Bangladesh Geographical Society (BGS), Dhaka.
Islam MN. 2009. “Rainfall and temperature scenario for Bangladesh,” The Open Atmospheric Science Journal. 3: 93-103.
JICA 1991. “Master plan for greater Dhaka protection project (Study in Dhaka metropolitan area),” Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Dhaka, 1991.
Kamal MM and Midorikawa S. 2004. “GIS-based geo-morphological mapping using remote sensing data and supplementary geo- information: A case study of the Dhaka city area, Bangladesh,” International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geo- information. 6: 111-125.
Kamol E. 2009. The Death of Canals. The Star, 22 May, 2009. A Weekly Publication of The Daily Star.
Khandoker RA. 1987. “Origin of elevated Barind-Madhupur areas, Bengal basin: Result of neotectonic activities,” Bangladesh Journal of Geology. 6: 1-9.
Khan MS, Huq E, Rahman AA, Huq S, Rashid SMA and Ahmed H. 1994. “Wetlands of Bangladesh,” Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies (BCAS) in association with Nature Conservation Movement (NA-COM), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Khan NI. 2001. Assessment of Water-logging Conditions Using Integrated GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques: A Study of Dhaka Mega City. Oriental Geographer, 45(2): 41-54.
Morgan JE and McIntire WC. 1959. “Quaternary geology of Bengal Basin, East Pakistan and India,” Geological Society of America Bulletin. 70: 319-342.
Rahman S and Hossain F. 2008. “Spatial assessment of water quality in peripheral rivers of Dhaka city for optimal re-location of water intake point,” Water Resources Management. 22: 377- 391.
Reza MG and Alam MS. 2002. “Wetland transformation in the western part of Dhaka city (1963–2000),” Bhugal Patrika (Journal of Geography). 21: 23-40.
Shams N. 1999. “Urban geology of Dhaka city for geo-hazard mitigation and development planning,” M. Sc. thesis, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Sultana MS 2005. Analysis of Changing Scenario of Wetlands in Dhaka City Using Remote Sensing and GIS. PGD Project Report. Institute of Water and Flood Management (IWFM), BUET, Dhaka.
Tawhid KG. 2004. “Causes and effects of water logging in Dhaka city, Bangladesh,” TRITA-LWR Master thesis, Department of Land and Water Resource Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH). 75p.
UN 2007. “Urban geology of Dhaka, Bangladesh, economic and social commission for Asia and the pacific, Atlas of Urban Geology,” United Nation (UN), New York, 1999.
Wang L Wang WD, Gong ZG, Liu YL and Zhang JJ. 2006. “Integrated management of water and ecology in the urban area of Laoshan district, Qingdao, China,” Ecological Engineering. 27: 79–83.
WASA 1991. “Dhaka regional groundwater and subsidence model,” Dhaka Water Supply and Sewerage Authority (WASA).
Whigham DF. 1999. “Ecological issues related to wetland preservation, restoration, creation and assessment,” The Science of the Total Environment. 240: 31-40.
Winter TC. 1999. “Relation of streams, lakes, and wetlands to groundwater flow systems,” Hydrogeology Journal. 7: 28-45.
Manuscript received on 19 September 2012 and revised on 28 November 2012
Md. Shahidul Islam, A. K. M Shahabuddin, M. Mostafa Kamal, Raquib Ahmed
WETLANDS OF DHAKA CITY: ITS PAST AND PRESENT SCENARIO
JLES-Vol-7-No-P-83-90, December 2012
https://jlescience.com/les-publish/wetlands-of-dhaka-city-its-past-and-present-scenario/Copyright © 2022
By Authors and Journal of Life and Earth Science (JLES)
https://jlescience.com